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Dr Michael Choy

Adjunct Adult Educators & Consultants

CEO, Tech Tree

Areas of Expertise: Learning Practice, Assessment, Evaluation & Quality, Workforce and Skills Development, Research & Data Analytics

Michael Choy is the founder and CEO of Tech Tree, a Singapore-headquartered company that develops cutting-edge e-learning tools and AI for training organizations and enterprises. With over 30 years of experience in education, Michael has established himself as a thought leader in the field of adult education, recognized for his innovative pedagogical tools and research that has reshaped the way we think about learning, including error-based learning approaches. His teams have won numerous awards including the prestigious innovPlus award (with S$200,000) four times! The innovative tech-enabled learning approaches included using AI and chatbots for learning. His company, ReallyLesson, is the Channel Partner for Coursera Inc, allowing Singaporeans with SkillsFuture Credits to purchase the subscription package from Coursera. Michael is a sought-after speaker at major conferences and has published numerous articles and his book ‘Designing Errors for Learning and Teaching (DELETE) Approach'

  1. Choy, M. (2025). AI and employability: Transitioning from Google to GenAI. In S. Popenici, J. Rudolph, F. Ismail, & S. Tan (Eds.), Handbook of artificial intelligence in higher education. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  2. Choy, M., Saxena, N., & Sim, S.K. (2024). Practitioner’s Note: Leveraging Productive Failure to Deepen Adult Teaching and Learning: Results from a Pilot Study by IAL. Institute for Adult Learning: Singapore.
  3. Choy, M. (2023). Designing Errors for Learning and Teaching (DELETE ™). World Scientific: Singapore.
  4. Bound, H., Murphy, I., Chan., S., Choy, M., & Mohamed, F. (2024). Developing Future-oriented pedagogical practices in the TAE Sector. Singapore: Institute for Adult Learning, SUSS.
  5. Bi, X.F., Choy, M., Nilanjana, S., & Sim, S.K. (2024). Productive Failure Application in Adult Learning: Benefits and Challenges ISSN: 2189-101X – The Asian Conference on Education & International Development 2024 Official Conference Proceedings (pp. 67-85). Link 
  6. Choy, M., Ong, R., Alliangan, M., & Lui, T. (2021). Designing Nano Learning™ Loops within Chatbot Conversations for Effective Learning. Conference Proceedings at UNESCO APAC Seminar, Sep, 22, 2021.
  7. Choy, M., & Lui, T. (2020). An Evaluative Case Study of Using Conversational Agents (Chatbots) for Learning: A Quality Service Management Course for Tenant Staff at Enterprise X, Singapore. Accessed on Dec 12, 2020.
  8. Choy, M. (2013). The iTEaCH Implementation Model: adopting a best-fit approach to implementing ICT in schools, Educational Media International, retrieved from: Link